Summary Eighth Grade Literature Study Lesson (Youtube) www.youtube.com
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n/a Yesterday, I gave you guys some guided annotations things that you were gonna be looking for as you're reading through the text. What were some of things I... Asked you to do as you were reading, What were some of the techniques or specifics? Let's see, Trust. Give me 1.
Trust We had to find 5 words that we thought were most important.
n/a We had to find 5 words that we thought were most important. Let's see. Okay. Josh.
Trust 3 important sentences.
n/a 3 important sentences. So 5 important words, 3 important sentences. Okay. Shifts in the text. Shifts in the text.
n/a What kind of shifts are we looking for it? Can you give me 1? Turn shift. Tone shifts, Ashley, could you give me another 1?
Ashley Well, we also had to find 3 dominant strategies.
n/a We also had to find 3 dominant strategies. Now that's gonna be kind of the... Final step. Right? The final step analyzing the types of things that he is using, Barry is using in order to argue his purpose or his themes.
n/a Okay. So before we start talking about what you guys put in the box and most important words of the text, I wanna review just a little bit. Now we know that context is important. We know context is key in non fiction text. Yes?
n/a Okay. So let tell me what context is. Somebody to raise your hand and tell me What context is we talked about in reference to the soaps stone we called it occasion, but what is context? Okay?
Trust The setting around which event happens?
n/a The setting around which the event happens? Absolutely. So what is our situation? What's going on? And think about why that's important with non fiction, why is it so important with non fiction to understand context, What our situation actually is?
n/a Can you kind of expand on that for me a little bit? Andrea?
Trust That way we can understand, like, the time period in which it happened like social status quo of that time.
n/a Very good. We have to understand why the the writer is writing it. Right? What is the situation surrounding? So let let's talk about that.
n/a Before we move to the text itself. What does the prompt because we're looking at an A ap essay prompt. Right? And I told you that that introductory material is really, really important. We looked at that yesterday.
n/a So what is our situation? Somebody are you're gonna tell me, what is the situation of the text? Okay.
Ashley It's when the great influenza. It's when that happened in 19 18, the flu epidemic.
n/a Okay. So if we think about that, How could that give us insight to audience. Now, it doesn't tell us anything about audience does it? No. So what could we infer about audience?
n/a Okay. These people in that time. Don't wanna get the flu? Yep. They definitely don't wanna get it.
n/a Okay. Good. What else could we kind of and fur. Okay?
n/a Like, they wanna cure, like immediately.
n/a They want it... Yeah. They're getting probably getting pretty impatient. Right? They want it immediately So that could possibly be a characteristic of our audience.
n/a Can we add anything to that? Okay?
n/a Like, what's being done or help... Far they're going into into fine cure.
n/a Very good. What's being done at that point? What is the process? Jana, is that kinda what you're were gonna say or can you add?
Jana What like people who are fearful for themselves to
n/a their families so they would get it. Very good. All very good answers. Okay. So if we think about that and again, it doesn't state it directly, What can we potentially infer would be the overall purpose?
n/a What does Berry overall purpose? What is he trying to achieve with his text? And again, we don't... We we haven't talked about this yet. So there's no right or wrong answer.
n/a We're just again making educated guesses. Okay?
n/a Kinda like, we're sure people that they are working as hard as they I can and you can expect that this will help them eventually.
n/a Okay. Okay. So potentially setting up an expectation. Yes, We are working and we're trying to get there. Maybe not immediately, right?
n/a We're going to what Kevin's said, okay. Very very good. Alright. So let's look at what you guys deem to be the most important words. Now, I told you to look for, but strong nouns to drive to drive our analysis.
n/a Right? Why would it be nouns? Because these most important words were most likely be our what, Well, part of it. Right? Which is what?
n/a What do we determine first before we even move to theme? What are the subjects. Subjects very good. What are the subjects, And that becomes our first simple step. When we're when we're faced with the difficult text, If we get lost in it, we can find those most important words.
n/a Right? Okay. So now the scary part which you guys put in the box. Alright. Let's see.
n/a I'm gonna get a volunteer. Or actually, I'm gonna pick someone. Me see. Now you can write these words on the board for me.
n/a Alright.
n/a Let's see what we uncovered. Alright. Unknown. The unknown. We write that on the board for me?
n/a That's a verb. Strength. Very good. Strength. Okay.
n/a Courage. So we have some that are somewhat overlapping and that's okay. Oh, I like this 1. Creativity. Very good.
n/a And some of these are overlapping and that's okay. Obstacles, obstacles? Oh, I like this 1. Pioneer. Pioneer.
n/a I told you that you could not use which words by the way. Certainty and uncertainty because those become our surface level subjects. We kinda get that right from the get go. But we're not necessarily looking for just those. We wanna go step above that.
n/a Right? Now not just service level theme, but our underlying themes too. So let's put pioneer up there and let's also put certainty and uncertainty, and we'll talk about this 2 together since I told you couldn't use them. What else did I tell you couldn't use? Science and scientists, of science and scientists, and and we're gonna see those words kind of creep into our themes.
n/a And that's okay. Right certainty, uncertainty, science and scientists because those again are the main main main subjects, but we want to go a step farther. Alright. Let's get a couple more on of here. Oh I like this 1.
n/a Confidence. Very got confidence. Alright. So we have a good start. We have a good start.
n/a These are all potentially thanks. These are all potentially subjects, main subjects of the piece. So that is step 1. Now what we want do is take it a step... Farther And that's what you guys are gonna be doing in your groups.
n/a So quickly, I want you to move to your groups and in those groups, here's what I want you to do. Wait. Here's what I want you to do. Look at these words, we have 9 pretty strong nouns up here. And I want you in your group to choose 3.
n/a 3 that you think as a group are most important. Now, I'm only gonna give you a couple minutes to do that. So move to your group decide and then we're gonna move forward. Let's go ahead and document those. And that first column.
Jana That's like, like, the certainty and uncertainty.
Trust Yeah.
Jana They kinda have to have confidence in, like, what they...
n/a That they're
Jana even like their experiments. Yep.
n/a Okay. So at this point, we should have decided. Are we all there? Yeah. Okay.
n/a So that becomes step 1. Right? We have identified our main subjects. Okay. So let's take it to the next step.
n/a We wanna extend beyond the subjects. And so we wanna answer the question, What do we learn about those subjects? What is barry our author. Right? What does he want us to learn about the subjects?
n/a And the answers to that question become our what? The. Right? It let's say together. Are what?
n/a Yeah. Our themes. Notice we have 3. So can there be 3 themes that exist in 1 piece of text? Absolutely.
n/a Absolutely. And in fact, we've already been talking about the service level versus the underlying. So we know that multiple themes can exist. Okay. Quickly though, before I let you guys loose on answering this question, give me some elements of a theme.
n/a What do we talk about? Had to be present in order for it to truly be a theme. Somebody raise hand tell me 1 thing. Okay? A universal idea about 1.
n/a It has to be a universal idea about life. Very, very good. Okay. Because someone raise your hand and tell me another 1. It has to be supported by sexual evidence.
n/a Okay. That 1 is really important. We can say all day that a theme exists in a work But unless you can prove it, It's not there. Right? So you have to give me some specifics, Very good.
n/a Somebody else. Okay.
Trust It has to be the central unifying idea of a work.
n/a Has to be the central unifying idea. Guys, remember, that is 1 of the main things we're gonna talk about today. Yes, all these things things exist, but they are actually they interact together. They unify the entire work to achieve the author's overall what. Very.
n/a Good. To achieve the author's overall purpose That's what we're gonna be talking about. Okay. Give me 1 more thing. Okay.
n/a It has
Ashley to be a complete.
n/a Yes. It has to be a complete sentence. A lot of times you guys will say, I'll say, what's the theme and you'll go love? Well, that's not a theme. What do we learn about love?
n/a Has to be... Has to extend beyond their subjects. Alright. You guys got them all. Very good.
n/a K? So those are our 4 things. As you're working in your groups. And coming up with these scenes, answering that question, what does Barry want the reader to learn about the subjects, keep those 4 things in mind. I want you to now evaluate your 3 words and choose 2 and write a theme using that word.
n/a So we're gonna have 2 themes, whether it be confidence or the unknown, tell me what we learn about those subjects in the piece. Okay? So I'm gonna give you just about 5 to 10 minutes to do this and we're gonna check in and see where we are. In fact, I'm gonna come around. And I'm gonna pick 1 of your themes for you to share with the class.
n/a Okay? Alright. So 5 to 10 minutes work.
Trust To show. And we learn from the being pioneer. It's obviously the extended metaphor. Don't they like... Traveled to them unknown.
n/a Really go back to that first paragraph. Right? Was it tell us about certainty and uncertainty. It now. What is he telling us?
n/a Exploring the unknown can help what
Ashley search and are acceptable for. Yeah.
n/a Like advancements, medical, technological. It doesn't have to just science, but just advancements in general good. That's what drives progression. Right? Very good.
Ashley Or research or medicine or Let's say research.
n/a Okay, guys. So at this point, I've come around, we all have at least 1 good theme. That we're gonna share at this point. And here's the 1 thing I want you guys to really consider. Is some of us choose the same subject.
n/a Yet, we're gonna hear some of the words being used over and over again. But what's interesting is that we all put different twists on the subjects. Why? So different Different people, different people, Okay. But what am I trying to get you guys to see?
n/a Can there be different answers to that question? Because there are multiple what within the text? Absolutely. So let's hear how different our themes are in reference to the same subjects, potentially the same subjects. Alright.
n/a So we're gonna start over here and work our way around the room. Okay? Alright. Give me your 1 theme. Courage and strength are necessary to overcome obstacles dealing with failure and doubt.
n/a Very nice. Courage and strength. Are necessary. Very good. Very good.
n/a Because notice how this extends beyond the text. This is is extending beyond the text, beyond what berry, beyond our little excerpt that we pulled from his entire text. Very good. Okay. Courage pushes you to delve into the unknown.
n/a Courage encourages you very good to delve into the unknown. Very nice. Okay. Exploring the unknown and can help research advance forward. Very good.
n/a Okay. So that is... And is she talking just about scientific research? No. She's talking about research in general?
n/a Right? The unknown is what propel us to question. Which if we don't question, we can't find our answers. Right? Very nice.
n/a Very nice. Alright.
Trust Uncertainty is good if you face it with courage.
n/a Uncertainty be. Guys. That statement in itself is a little what. Uncertainty can be a good thing. Awesome.
n/a Okay. What else did I say is always present.
Trust I heard.
n/a Good. Alright.
n/a Uncertainty drives people to overcome the unknown to discover new things.
n/a Very good. Do you guys see how these themes are starting to interact with each other, How they're kind of crossing over, which is really what we're gonna be taught. This is really the purpose of today's lesson to see how these themes can interact. Very good. Okay?
n/a Even when you have uncertainties, you must be confident that you'll overcome them. Very good. And that becomes 1 of the major points. Right? That they had to be confident in the unknown that they had to be confident enough to question and to go into the unknown.
n/a Very, very nice. Alright. Now here comes the trickier part. Now you have to prove it. You say it's there, Now you have to prove it?
n/a How are you gonna prove it? Details, examples, etcetera. Now I'm gonna put a little challenge on that next step. What am I gonna ask you to identify when you're pulling those quotes to prove the theme? Your favorite thing.
n/a Strategies. Yeah. What's strategy? Is the writer using? Right?
n/a Is it an extended metaphor? Is it rhetoric quest? Is it a rhetoric question? What strategies are right using in order to argue the theme. Alright.
n/a So that is Last step, you gotta prove it. I want you guys to choose 1 right now. 1 right now. To prove, choose 1 theme of the 2. And I would say the 1 I starred would be the better of the 2.
n/a Alright?
n/a Like Pioneer because like it gives like a kinda like... The definition.
Trust Kind says colleagues will pave the road over the late half there's rice would be really and straight.
n/a So it's in like, they're just gonna keep adding adding and eventually eventually the will have enough
n/a Okay. Let's listen to how it sounds. It is not the courage to venture into the unknown. It is the courage to accept, indeed embrace. What do you hear about those 2 sentences?
n/a To really hammer home the point he's making about courage. It is not this a courage. It is
Trust the courage. Perfect.
n/a On the Perfect. So he's using parallel to argue that point very nice.
Trust I thought 1 for each
Jana 1 of you or just 1.
n/a I think she's at
Trust the 1 she put a star. Did.
Jana So I just find 2
n/a examples. Yeah. Alright, guys. Let's go ahead and share what we've come up with. In reference to proving the theme exist.
n/a And again, we're gonna hear some of the examples overlap, that's okay. Because some examples can prove more than 1 theme. Right? All these themes, examples interact to prove an overall purpose. Okay.
n/a So let's start over here. If you'll just kind of reiterate your theme 1 more time, and then give us an example of where we see it being used. Our famous courage and strength are necessary to overcome obstacles dealing with failure and doubt. And then we found it in the text when it says it is not the courage to venture into the unknown. It is the courage to accept indeed embrace uncertainty and that had parallel.
n/a Parallel. So Barry, our statement would be. Barry uses parallel. In order to argue the theme that. Right?
n/a And then we could actually pull in that. Example improve both things, which is the purpose of the class. We have to do both. Right? Strategies and theme.
n/a Very nice. Very good. Okay. And we had courage and courage pushes you to dwell into the known, but we pick the same. Quote.
n/a You picked the same quote. Is that okay? Yes. That's okay. Because again, 1 example proving 2 themes very nice.
Ashley Okay. Our theme was exploring that unknown can help advance forward and researched. And our example is, the less known, the more 1 has manipulate and even for grandma to yield the answer.
Trust Very good. And it's
Ashley kind of ironic because less is more.
n/a Very good. Very good. So the less they know, the more they have to do. And that's what drives progression. Very nice.
n/a Very, very nice. Okay?
Trust Uncertainty is a good if. If you face it with courage. K. Uncertainty is good
n/a if you face it with courage and we said that that statement in itself was a little ironic. Okay? Now we your example.
Trust It is not the courage to venture
Speaker 6 into the unknown. It is the cursed up and need to embrace in uncertainty.
n/a Very good. What do we hear by the way? Parallel, multiple repetition of examples to prove multiple themes. Very nice. Alright.
n/a Let's go back here.
n/a Uncertainty drives people to overcome the unknown to discover new things.
n/a Okay. And then give a your example.
n/a There a single step can take them through the looking glass into a world that seems entirely different.
n/a Very good. Listen that 1 more time. Read it for me 1 more time. Kevin.
n/a There a single step can take them through the looking glass into a world that seems entirely different.
n/a Very good. Very good. What strategies being used there?
n/a Have metaphor.
n/a Metaphor. We have this beautiful metaphor being used, talking about looking through, a looking glass right, to venture into the unknown, trying to see through these things. Very, very good. Alright.
Jana The same was the scientists. Must have confidence even in the phase uncertainty and be confident that they'll will overcome it. Very good. The example, she moved 4 forcefully and aggressively even while uncertain requires a confidence and strength deeper than physical courage.
n/a Okay. And what what strategies did we kinda see him using here? Well, it might not be a term? What did you guys notice?
Jana What was... Referencing back to the main, like, theme your purpose.
n/a Very good. It's referencing back to that main thing. We had a repetition of a lot of these important words. Right? Strength, courage, etcetera.
n/a Alright. Very very nice. Now, what I want you guys to do at this point because we just have a few minutes left. We've done this in groups. Right?
n/a We've done the the steps, the easy step finding the subject. We've done 2 themes, and now we found proof for 1 of them. All those blanks that you see on that graphic organizer. I want you to do that on your own. Okay?
n/a Want you to do that on your own. So fill out the rest of it. Fill out the the third theme. Find proof for the other ones, Are you going to see some of the quotes overlap for the things that you're going to identify? Absolutely.
n/a Because that's the point. These things interact together to achieve the overall purpose. What we're gonna talk about next class meeting, is what is his overall purpose and how do these themes work together to achieve it? Alright? Any questions?
n/a Alright. Go ahead and move back.