Summary The five major world religions - John Bellaimey - YouTube (Youtube) youtu.be
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Speaker 0 In all times and places in our history, human beings have wondered, where did we come from? What's our place in the world? What happens to us after we die? Religions are systems of belief that have developed and evolved over time in response to these and other eternal mysteries. Driven by the feeling that some questions can only be answered by faith, and based on an intuition that there's something greater than ourselves, a higher power we must answer to.
Speaker 0 Or some source we all spring from and to which we must return. Hindu means the religions of India It's not a single religion, but rather a variety of related beliefs and spiritual practices. It dates back 5 millennia to the time of Krishna. A man of such virtue that he became known as an Avatar of Vis, an incarnation of the God in human form. He taught that all life follows karma, the law cause and effect, and our job is to do our duty or dha.
Speaker 0 According to our place in society without worrying how things turn out. When we die, we're rein into a new body, If we followed our Dha and did our proper duty in our past life, we get good karma, which sends our soul upward in the social scale. Our rebirth into the next life is thus determined by what we do in this 1. The wheel of rebirth is called Sam sa. It's possible for a very holy person to lead a life with enough good karma to escape the wheel.
Speaker 0 This escape is called Mo. Hindu teaches that everything is 1. The whole universe is 1 transcend reality called Bra. And there's just 1 Bra, but many gods within it. And their roles, aspects and forms differ according to various traditions.
Speaker 0 Brahma is the creator. Vic n is the preserve who sometimes takes on human form, and Shiva is the transformer or Lord of the dance. Du is the fiercely protective divine mother. Gan has an elephant head and is the wise patron of success. Hindu is the third largest religion in the world.
Speaker 0 And although most Hindu live in India, they can be found on every continent, 1000000000 strong. Now let's travel west across deserts and mountains to the Fertile crescent about 4000 years ago. Judaism began with God calling Abraham and Sarah to leave mesopotamia and migrate to the land of Ka. In return for their faith in the 1 true god, a revolutionary concept in the poly world of that time. They would have land and many descendants.
Speaker 0 From this promise came the land of Israel and the chosen people. But staying in that land and keeping those people together was going to be very difficult. The Israelites were enslaved in Egypt, but God freed them with the help of the prophet Moses who received the 10 commandments and later hundreds more. They conquered the promised land, but could only keep it for a few hundred years. Israel sits at a crossroads, through which many armies marched over the centuries.
Speaker 0 And in the year 70, the Romans destroyed the temple in their capital, Jerusalem. So the religion transformed itself from a temple religion with sacrifices and priests to a religion of the book. Because of this, Judaism is a faith of symbolism, reverence, and deep meanings tied to the literature of its history. The many sacred scriptures make up the Hebrew Bible or Tan. And hundreds of written discussions and interpretations are contained in an expansive comp of deeper meanings called the Tal.
Speaker 0 Jews find rich symbolic meaning in daily life. At the passover meal, every item on the menu symbolizes an aspect of the escape from slavery. The importance of growing up is emphasized when young people reach the age of barr and Bought Mit. Ceremonies during which they assume responsibility for their actions, and celebrate the weaving of their own lives into the faith history and texts of the Jewish people. There are 14000000 jews in the world today and 6000000 in Israel, which became independent following the horrors of genocide in World War 2 and 5000000 in the United States.
Speaker 0 But now let's go back 2500 years and return to India where Buddhism began with a young prince named Sid Arthur. On the night he was conceived, his mother Queen Maya is said to have been visited in her sleep by a white elephant who entered her side. 10 months later, Prince Sid Arthur was born into a life of luxury. Venturing fourth from his sheltered existence as a young man, He witnessed the human suffering that had been hidden from him and immediately set out to investigate its sources. Why must people endure suffering?
Speaker 0 Must we rein through hundreds of lives. At first, he thought the problem was attachment to material things, so he gave up his possessions. He became a wandering Beg, which he discovered certainly made him no happier. Then he overheard a music teacher telling a student, Don't tighten the string too much, it will break. But don't let it go to Slack or it will not sound.
Speaker 0 In a flash, he realized that looking for answers at the ex... Streams was a mistake, the middle way between luxury and poverty seemed wisest. And while meditating under a body tree, the rest of the answer came to him, All of life abound was suffering. It's caused by selfish craving for one's own fulfillment at the expense of others. Following an 8 step plan can teach us to reduce that craving and thus reduce the suffering.
Speaker 0 On that day, Sid arthur became the buddha. The enlightened 1. Not the only 1, but the first 1. The Buddhist plan is called the 8 fold path and though it is not easy to follow, It has pointed the way for millions to enlightenment, which is what Buddha hood means a state of compassion, insight, peace, and steadfast. From the time he got up from under that tree to the moment of his death as an old man, the Buddha taught people how to become enlightened.
Speaker 0 Right speech, right goals, a mind focused on what is real and a heart focused on loving others. Many buddhist believe in God or gods, but actions are more important than beliefs. There are nearly a billion buddhist in the world today, mostly in east, southeast and Southeast Asia. 2000 years ago in Judaism promised land, Christianity was born. Just as Hindu called Krishna, god in human form, Christians say the same thing about Jesus, and Christianity grew out of Judaism just as Buddhism grew out of Hindu.
Speaker 0 The angel Gabriel was sent by the God of Abraham to ask a young woman named Mary to become the mother of his son. The son was Jesus, raised as a carpenter, by Mary and her husband, Joseph until he turned 30 when he began his public career as the living word of God, by Less interested in religious than injustice and Mercy, Jesus healed the sick in order to draw crowds and then taught them about his heavenly father. Affectionate, forgiving and attentive. Then he would invite everyone to a common table to illustrate his kingdom of God, out casts, sinner and saints all eating together. He had only 3 years before his unconventional wisdom got him into trouble.
Speaker 0 His enemies had him arrested and he was executed by Rome in the standard means by which ramble routers were put to death, crucifixion. But shortly after he was buried, women found his tomb empty and quickly spread word, convinced that he had been raised from the dead. The first Christians described his resurrected appearances, inspiring confidence that his message was true. The message? Love 1 another as I have loved you.
Speaker 0 Christians celebrate the birth of Jesus in December at Christmas. And his suffering, death and resurrection during holy week in the spring. In the ceremony of baptism a washing a way of sin and welcoming into the Christian community call Jesus own baptism. When he left his life as a carpenter. In the right of comm, Christians eat the bread and drink the wine, blessed has the body and blood of Jesus.
Speaker 0 Call recalling Jesus last supper. There are 2000000000 Christians worldwide, representing almost a third of the world's people. Islam began 1400 years ago with a man of great virtue, meditating in a mountain cave in the Arabian desert. The man was Muhammad. He was visited by a divine messenger.
Speaker 0 Again, the Angel Gabriel in Arabic, Gi. Delivering to him the words of Allah, the 1 God of Abraham. In the next few years, more and more messages came and he memorized and taught them, The verses he recite were full of wise sayings, beautiful rhymes and mysterious metaphors, but Muhammad was a merchant, not a poet. Many agreed, the verses were indeed the words of God and these believers became the first muslims. The word muslim means 1 who surrender, meaning a person who submits to the will of God.
Speaker 0 A Muslims 5 most important duties are called the 5 pillars. Shah, a Muslims declare publicly, there is no other God, but Allah. And Muhammad is his final prophet. Sal. They pray 5 times a day facing mecca.
Speaker 0 Z cat, every muslim is required to give 2 or 3 percent of their net worth. To the poor. Some, they fast during daylight hours for the lunar month of Rama to strengthen their willpower and their reliance on God to and h. Once in a lifetime, every Muslim who is able must make a pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca, rehearsing for the time when they will stand before God, to be judged worthy or un of eternal life with him. The words of God revealed to the prophet over 23 years are collected in the K quran which literally translates into the rec.
Speaker 0 Muslims believe it to be the only holy book free of human corruption, It's also considered by many to be the finest work of literature in the Arabic language. Islam is the world's second largest religion practiced by over 1 and a half billion muslims around the globe. Religion has been an aspect of culture for as long as it has existed, billion and their countless variations of its practice. But common to all religions is an appeal for meaning beyond the empty van entities, and lowly realities of existence, beyond sin, suffering, and death. Beyond fear, and beyond ourselves.