FPGA

The Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a reconfigurable integrated circuit (IC) that implements custom digital hardware logic: you define the circuit, not just the code.

An FPGA is a semiconductor device built on a matrix of Configurable Logic Blocks (CLBs) and programmable interconnects: this architecture enables true parallel execution. Unlike a CPU, which runs software serially on fixed hardware, an FPGA allows you to redefine the hardware itself using a Hardware Description Language (HDL), such as VHDL or Verilog. This flexibility makes it ideal for rapid prototyping, hardware acceleration (e.g., for data centers and signal processing), and low-volume custom applications where the cost and lead time of a full Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) are prohibitive. Key applications include 5G telecommunications, aerospace systems, and high-frequency trading.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field-programmable_gate_array